Verification of selective laser melting heat source models with operando X-ray diffraction data

Abstract The output obtained from operando X-ray diffraction experiments on Ti-6Al-4V is used to verify the accuracy of four FEM models in predicting temperature evolution solidified domain, cooling rates ? and ? phases, influence scanning vector length duration phase. Three different laser heat sources are considered: a simple ellipsoid, double cylindrical source with parabolic penetration curve. comparison between simulated experimental results allows role radiation loss symmetric/asymmetric enhanced thermal conductivity evolution. Furthermore, it shown that lattice strains evidence formation residual stresses can be for further development phase field thermomechanical inspired FEM-based models.